Superantigens are unconventional antigens which recognise immune receptors outside their usual recognition sites e.g. complementary determining regions (CDRs), to elicit a response within the target cell.

Superantigens are microbial peptides that can polyclonally activate a large fraction of T cells (up to 20%). They escape normal antigen processing by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and can directly bind to T cell receptor (TCR).

Staphylococcal enterotoxins are a wide family of bacterial exotoxins with the capacity to activate as much as 20% of the host T cells, which is why they were called superantigens. Superantigens (SAgs) can cause multiple diseases in humans and cattle, ranging from mild to …

2024年4月9日 · Superantigens (SAgs) are a type of antigens that stimulate the immune system excessively. It specifically results in non-specific T-cell activation, polyclonal T-cell activation, and large cytokine release.

2022年3月2日 · Superantigen is a major virulence factor, leading to serious complications including toxic shock syndrome; however, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are incompletely understood.

Superantigens are potent immunomodulators derived from microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and mycoplasma that can activate T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, and monocytes and are known to trigger experimental autoimmune disease.

Superantigens are a class of immunostimulatory molecules produced by bacteria and viruses. Their potent immune effects are due to their unique ability to bind to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) outside the antigen-binding cleft and to stimulate T cells in a T-cell receptor (TCR) Vbeta-specific manner.

2000年8月1日 · Superantigens are highly potent immune stimulators with a unique ability to interact simultaneously with MHC class II molecules and T cell receptors, forming a trimolecular complex that induces profound T-cell proliferation and massive cytokine production.

2024年11月23日 · Superantigens (SAgs) are microbial products that have the ability to promote massive activation of immune cells, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators that can ultimately result in hypotension, shock, organ failure, and death.

Superantigens (SAgs) are microbial proteins able to activate large fractions of T cells non-specifically by cross-linking major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules at the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with T cell Receptor (TCR) β-chains (Vβ) at their variable domain.