(f) indicates female rulers. Birth and death years are also provided (b. = born, d. = died, s.a. = see above), but note that the given birth years may be questionable, as different sources often give contradictory information. In cases where it is particularly unclear, the birth year is followed by a question mark (e.g., 1923?

Rulers January 2025 1 Malawi: In a cabinet reshuffle, Monica Chang'anamuno is named defense minister and Ezekiel Peter Ching'oma minister of homeland security. Switzerland: Karin Keller-Sutter takes office as president.

Rulers February 2025 1 Germany: Former president (2004-10) Horst Köhler (also managing director of the International Monetary Fund 2000-04) dies. United States: Doug Burgum is sworn in as secretary of the interior. 2 Algeria: President Abdelmadjid Tebboune dismisses Finance Minister Laaziz Fayed and appoints Abdelkrim Bou El Zerd as finance ...

Rulers December 2024 1 Romania: In parliamentary elections, the Social Democratic Party wins 22.0% of the vote for the Chamber of Deputies (86 of 330 seats) and 22.3% of the vote for the Senate (36 of 136 seats), the Alliance for the Union of Romanians 18.0% (64) and 18.3% (28), the National Liberal Party 13.2% (49) and 14.3% (22), the Save ...

The constituents of the Confederation were technically not states, but rulers. By joining the Confederation some had their rank elevated, notably a few who became grand-dukes (Grossherzöge), who were regarded as of royal status.

Rulers September 2024 1 Azerbaijan: In parliamentary elections, the New Azerbaijan Party wins 68 of 125 seats and independents 44. Turnout is 37.3%.

Chief minister 25 Oct 2021 - Julie Thomas (f) French possessions on St. Helena 1858 British government cedes two sites on St. Helena related to the stay of deposed Emperor Napoléon I on the island - Longwood House (where he lived) and the Valley of the Tomb (where he was buried until 1840) - to France 2004 administratively attached to the French consulate in Cape Town, …

Bhutan emerges as a state 17 Dec 1907 Kingdom of Bhutan Spiritual rulers (title Shabdrun Thuktrul or Dharma Raja) 1698 - 1712 Kunga Gyaltshen (b. 1689 - d. 1713) 1712 - 1729 Phyogla Namgyal (b. 1708 - d. 1736) 1730 - 1735 Jigme Norbu (b. 1717 - d. 1735) 1735 - …

Ionian Islands 2 Apr 1800 Septinsular Republic (Russian-Ottoman protectorate) 13 Sep 1807 annexed by France 5 Nov 1815 United States of the Ionian Islands (protectorate of the Powers; de facto U.K. protectorate) 1 Jun 1864 incorporated into Greece Governors-general 31 Aug 1807 - 1 Oct 1809 César Berthier (b. 1765 - d. 1819) 1 Oct 1809 - 5 Nov 1815 François Xavier, comte …

Note: Before 1881 there were essentially four rulers' capitals: Kabul, Herat, Kandahar, and Peshawar (the last now in Pakistan). All the rulers belong to the Abdali tribal group, whose name was changed to Dorrani on the accession of Ahmad Shah.