A polyamine is an organic compound having more than two amino groups. Alkyl polyamines occur naturally, but some are synthetic. Alkylpolyamines are colorless, hygroscopic, and water soluble. Near neutral pH, they exist as the ammonium derivatives. [1][2] Most aromatic polyamines are crystalline solids at room temperature.

In vivo production of polyamine begins with the intake of amino acids (arginine, lysine, and methionine) through food, serving as substrates for polyamine synthesis through the action of micro-organisms/enzymes [2] (Figure 3).

Polyamines are synthesized within all living cells. In eukaryotes, polyamine synthesis begins with ornithine, which is synthesized through the urea cycle from arginine. The decarboxylation of ornithine catalyzed by ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is the rate-limiting step in …

2023年12月4日 · This review examines a variety of topics, such as polyamine source and metabolism, including metabolism, transport, and the potential impact of polyamines on health and disease. In addition, a brief summary of the effects of oncogenes and signaling pathways on tumor polyamine metabolism is provided.

2021年6月9日 · Putrescine, spermine, and spermidine are the important polyamines (PAs), found in all living organisms. PAs are formed by the decarboxylation of amino acids, and they facilitate cell growth and development via different cellular responses. PAs are the integrated part of the cellular and genetic meta …

2018年9月4日 · This Review discusses new insights into molecular mechanisms that link the dysregulation of polyamine metabolism with carcinogenesis and strategies for targeting this pathway for cancer therapy.

2024年8月2日 · Polyamine metabolism is implicated in several pathophysiological processes in the nervous, immune, and cardiovascular systems. Currently, manipulating polyamine levels is under investigation as a potential preventive treatment for several pathologies, including aging, ischemia/reperfusion injury, pulmonary hypertension, and cancer.

The polyamine system has been identified in all organisms, and plays an important role in numerous essential cellular functions, including growth, division, and signalling cascades, as well as stress responses at both the cellular and behavioral levels (Minguet et al., 2008; Tabor and Tabor, 1984; Gilad and Gilad, 2003; Seiler and Raul, 2005 ...

These observations point to the importance of polyamines and their metabolism in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis and mediation of tissue injury. In this review, we will cover the important aspects of polyamine biology and polyamine metabolism in health and disease. Figure 1.

2012年5月30日 · The inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which is the rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, decreases tumor growth and the development of colorectal adenomas. A database was developed to estimate dietary polyamine exposure and relate exposure to health outcomes.