Cardiac tamponade is a life-threatening, slow or rapid compression of the heart due to the pericardial accumulation of fluid, pus, blood, clots or gas as a result of inflammation, trauma, rupture of the heart or aortic dissection. Onset to (acute, subacute) or (chronic if more than three months). 10-50 ml of pericardial fluid is normally present.

2024年3月5日 · Tamponade due to acute bleeding into the pericardium may occur with a small-moderate effusion, because the pericardium hasn't had time to stretch open. This may not be obvious on a brief bedside echocardiogram. Post-CABG tamponade may occur due to a focal clot within the pericardium that may be impossible to see with some echocardiographic views.

An important sign of tamponade seen in 2D echocardiography is dilatation of the IVC (>20 mm in an adult size heart) and hepatic veins (Figure 11). This is known as IVC plethora, and, although not very specific, it is a very sensitive sign of cardiac tamponade (92%).

2024年8月28日 · Echocardiography is considered the gold standard, and commonly first line, imaging modality for assessment of cardiac tamponade. This is due to its ability to provide detailed structural and functional information about the …

• 2) Tamponade: MV > 30%, TV > 60% • 3) Constriction: MV > 25%, TV >40% • Significant respiratory variability of the mitral and tricuspid inflows should not be used as a stand-alone criteria for cardiac tamponade without concomitant presence of chamber collapse, IVC dilatation or abnormal hepatic

can I diagnose tamponade (i.e., who needs an urgent pericardiocentesis?) • Why is there no Kussmaul sign in tamponade? Why is there loss of Y-descent? • What are the echo clues to constriction? • Why is septal > lateral e’ in constriction? • In constriction, why does hepatic vein flow reversal increase with expiration but JVP

Cardiac tamponade is a condition that causes impaired cardiac filling due to a high pericardial pressure and increased amount of fluid within sac. In other words, the heart is being compressed, squished! The diagnosis of tamponade is based on a spectrum of hemodynamic abnormalities!

Echocardiography is an essential tool for the diagnosis of cardiac tamponade and the evacuation of pericardial fluid. Bedside echocardiography is often performed by intensivists as a part of point of care ultrasonography of critically ill patients; therefore, the recognition of the echocardiographic features of cardiac tamponade is essential ...

2024年4月8日 · Echocardiography is a valuable tool to provide rapid assessment of cardiac tamponade at the bedside. The heart is separated from the surrounding mediastinal structures by a double-walled, fibroserosal sac called the pericardium. The pericardium stops the heart from rotating excessively, prevents friction, and possible kinking of the great vessels.

2021年1月24日 · Using pulse waved Doppler, mitral and tricuspid inflow velocities can be assessed for tamponade. This is the echo assessment of ventricular interdependence and pulsus paradoxus. Typically, a variation of 25% or more in the mitral inflow and 40-60% in tricuspid inflow with respiration is significant.