• The exact cause of PCOS is unknown.
• Factors that might play a role include:
• Excess androgen: the ovaries produce abnormally high levels of androgen (male hormone), resulting in hirsutism (excessive facial hair) and acne.
• Heredity: Research suggests that certain genes might be linked to PCOS.
• Excess insulin: Insulin is the hormone produced in the pancreas that allows cells to use glucose - body's primary energy supply. If cells become resistant to the action of insulin, then blood sugar levels can rise and body might produce more insulin.
• Low-grade inflammation: Research has shown that women with PCOS have a type of low-grade inflammation that stimulates polycystic ovaries to produce androgens, which can lead to heart and blood vessel problems.

PCOS treatment focuses on managing individual concerns, such as infertility, hirsutism, acne or obesity. Specific treatment might involve lifestyle changes or medication.

Medication

Birth control pills: These pills alleviate pain, regulate menstrual cycle reduce level of male hormones like testosterone.

Drospirenone

Anti-androgens: These drugs bring down level of androgen, which leads to excessive hair growth and acne.

Spironolactone

Fertility drugs: Quite conducive for administrating and expediting ovulation among women who are facing fertility issues due to PCOD.

Clomiphene citrate