The Civil Rights Act of 1875, sometimes called the Enforcement Act [a] or the Force Act, was a United States federal law enacted during the Reconstruction era in response to civil rights violations against African Americans.

Enacted on March 1, 1875, the Civil Rights Act affirmed the “equality of all men before the law” and prohibited racial discrimination in public places and facilities such as restaurants and public transportation.

As early as 1870, Republican Senator Charles Sumner sought to protect African Americans from discrimination in public conveyances. He believed a civil rights act protecting access to public accommodation would be the permanent legacy of Reconstruction.

Perhaps as a last gesture of respect for the departed Charles Sumner, for whom securing civil rights had been a lifelong pursuit, the Senate passed the bill with a vote of 38 to 26 on February 27, 1875. The bill became law on March 1, 1875.

The Civil Rights Act of 1875 guaranteed universal access to inns, public transportation, theaters, and “other places of amusement” regardless of race. Congress granted the U.S. district and circuit courts exclusive jurisdiction over cases regarding alleged violations of the act.

2018年6月8日 · The Civil Rights Act of 1875 (18 Stat. 335) was the last of the civil rights statutes enacted by Republican-dominated Congresses after the Civil War. Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts was a leader among the socalled Radical Republicans who sought to protect the rights of the newly freed slaves as a matter of principle and to preserve the ...

2022年11月1日 · The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was a United States federal law enacted during the post-Civil War Reconstruction Era that guaranteed African Americans equal access to public accommodations and public transportation.

2007年1月21日 · Whereas, it is essential to just government we recognize the equality of all men before the law, and hold that it is the duty of government in its dealings with the people to mete out equal and exact justice to all, of whatever nativity, race, color, or persuasion, religious or political; and it being the appropriate object of legislation to ena...

2023年12月2日 · This act was signed into law on March 1, 1875 by President Ulysses S. Grant. It outlawed discriminatory treatment on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of servitude in public accommodations and public transportation.

It was the fourth of a series of post–Civil War acts (1866, 1870, 1871, and 1875) passed to extend civil rights to African Americans, including the enjoyment of equal rights, liberty, property ownership, and protection from threat and intimidation.