The adaptive immune system, AIS, also known as the acquired immune system, or specific immune system is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized cells, organs, and processes that eliminate pathogens specifically.

2023年8月14日 · The immune system fights germs on the skin, in the tissues of the body, and in bodily fluids such as blood. It is made up of the innate (general) immune system and the adaptive (specialized) immune system. These two systems work …

Adaptive immune responses are carried out by white blood cells called lymphocytes. There are two broad classes of such responses —antibody responses and cell-mediated immune responses, and they are carried out by different classes of lymphocytes, called B cells and T …

An adaptive immune response is set in motion by antigens that the immune system recognizes as foreign. Unlike an innate immune response, an adaptive immune response is highly specific to a particular pathogen (or its antigen).

Adaptive immunity occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination. The adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to an invading pathogen.

2024年7月27日 · The adaptive acquired immune response uses the ability of specific lymphocytes and their products, such as immunoglobulins and cytokines, to generate a response against the invading microbes. The typical features include: Specificity: The triggering mechanism is a particular pathogen, immunogen, or antigen.

2022年5月13日 · The specificity of the adaptive immune response—its ability to specifically recognize and make a response against a wide variety of pathogens—is its great strength. Antigens, the small chemical groups often associated with pathogens, are recognized by receptors on the surface of B and T lymphocytes.

2024年4月25日 · Adaptive immunity provides protection against infectious and malignant diseases. These effects are mediated by lymphocytes that sense and respond with targeted precision to perturbations induced by pathogens and tissue damage.

The cell-mediated response is the other path of the adaptive immune response. It is commonly activated to fight cancerous cells or cells that have been infected by viruses. The cell-mediated response relies on using cells (e.g. cytotoxic T cells) to destroy other diseased cells, hence the name ‘cell-mediated’. This differs from the humoral ...

The adaptive immune response is a slower-acting, longer-lasting, and more specific response than the innate response. However, the adaptive response requires information from the innate immune system to function.