This technical note describes the steps involved in performing robotic assistance pedicle screw insertion in thoracolumbar spine surgery using the ExcelsiusGPS platform. Methods: This paper outlines ...

Case presentation: This case reports a 90-year-old female with lower limb neurological dysfunction after PKP. Emergency thoracolumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed hematoma compressing the ...

Medically reviewed by Jennifer Steinhoff, MD The transversus abdominis (TA) muscle is the deepest of the abdominal muscles.