In the dative case the personal pronouns are: Sie hat ihm ein Andenken von Berlin geschenkt. – She gave (to) him a souvenir from Berlin. She is giving a souvenir to him, so 'to him' is the ...

they are followed by the accusative case. Otherwise, they take the dative. Ich stecke die Schuhe unter das Bett. – I put the shoes under the bed. Die Schuhe sind unter dem Bett. – The shoes ...