As an example, let’s consider the AND gate (the others are OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR). Electronic gates operate on two nominal voltages, normally 0 V and 5 V, representing the logic 0 ...

By combining these two, we can create a NAND ("not AND") gate, which turns its output on unless all inputs are on. Other logic gates include OR, NOR, XOR, and XNOR, each with different logical ...