Kennedy has a rare disorder called spasmodic dysphonia ... While there are treatments to ease the vocal cord spasms such as Botox injections, voice therapy, or thyroplasty, spasmodic dysphonia ...

It is a voice disorder characterized by involuntary spasms ... patient’s symptoms and medical history and visualize their vocal cord movement through a stroboscopy exam, which is an endoscopy ...

Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a neurological disorder caused by dystonia (abnormal sustained muscle contraction) of the vocal cords, hence also referred to as “laryngeal dystonia”. Depending on the ...