However, the anatomy of the superior cortical veins is heterogenous and poorly characterised ... For the purpose of this study, the term ‘cortical vein’ was defined to include any vessel draining into ...

Readers interpreted the images to identify stenosis, arachnoid granulations, fistulas, sinus thrombosis, and common venous variants, including alternative outflow anatomy. In the case of a venous ...

Objectives We sought to clarify the variations in the anatomy of the superior cavoatrial junction and anomalously connected pulmonary veins in patients with superior sinus venosus defects using ...

These approaches were adopted due to complex venous anatomy preventing adequate endovascular direct access for transvenous embolization via inferior or superior petrosal sinuses in a single stage.