Dye is then injected through this tube to outline the channels within the kidney and the ureter. Risks are small but, in some cases, a patient is allergic to the dye. This is a test to see inside ...

A bladder spasm, also known as detrusor hyperreflexia, occurs when the bladder muscle squeezes involuntarily without warning. In addition to pain or discomfort, the spasms can lead to bladder leakage ...