Currently, most studies on spin transport are carried out with a molecule-based spin valve, which shows a typical geometry with a thin-film molecular layer sandwiched between two ferromagnetic ...

Single-molecule biophysics is the study of the dynamics and interactions of individual biomolecules to understand how they carry out their functions in living cells. For example, monitoring the ...

Members of the natural nucleoside antibacterial family (Tunicamycin, Moreomycin, Carpramycin, etc.), the antibiotic E protein of phage φX174, and some small-molecule compounds can all effectively ...