Neutrophils in the brain primarily originate from bone marrow in the skull and adjacent vertebrae, with a smaller proportion derived from circulation. They only cross the BBB or choroid plexus and ...

Stationed within the meninges, squads of immune cells lie in wait, ready to unleash an inflammatory assault within the brain if needed. Holding these trigger-happy troops back during peacetime falls ...

Waste clearance (WC) is an essential process for brain homeostasis, which is required for the proper and healthy functioning of all cerebrovascular and parenchymal brain cells. This review features ...

The Price to Earnings (P/E) ratio, a key valuation measure, is calculated by dividing the stock's most recent closing price by the sum of the diluted earnings per share from continuing operations ...

Treatment of inherited genetic diseases of the brain remains an intractable problem. Methods to improve the distribution of enzymes that are injected or expressed from transduced cells will be ...

The authors show that a bidirectional circuit connecting the anterior and posterior (aIC–pIC) insula mediates the conditioned immune response in male mice, illustrating a mechanism by which ...

En-face OCT (2 eyes) revealed the course of the macrovessel at the level of choroid and choriocapillaris. On OCT-A (2 eyes) the vessel had a reflectivity similar to surrounding vessels but larger ...