Protein translocation is an essential, nano-scale dynamic process that facilitates the movement of proteins across cellular ...

But he came at the question from the standpoint of bacterial physiology — how ... Proton gradients powering ATP synthesis were just a special case to Mitchell. In short, Mitchell knew protons ...

Some bacteria actually use this capability to transport nutrients ... how the rotation transmits the energy from proton flow, the mechanism of ATP synthesis, and why the biological world has adapted ...

A fourth category of eukaryotes possesses small, inconspicuous mitochondria that are not involved in ATP synthesis at all. These eukaryotes synthesize their ATP in the cytosol with the help of ...

Inspired by natural mechanisms found in bacteria, this reporter offers a simple and robust tool for studying ER-related protein synthesis processes ... adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and magnesium ...