Over the past fifteen years, great strides have been made to understand how heterotrimeric G proteins control their downstream targets. However, the mechanism by which heterotrimeric G proteins ...

The IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) is a heterotrimeric protein that binds to IL-2 and reacts to it on the surface of some immune cells, like lymphocytes. IL-2R is made up of three subunits: IL-2Rα (CD25 ...

GPCRs crosstalk with several transducers, including heterotrimeric G proteins, GPCR kinases (GRKs), and β-arrestins. GPCR-biased agonism has raised the potential of novel drug development to ...