In stage 1A2, the tumor is between 1 cm and 2 cm across and hasn’t affected the bronchi or penetrated the visceral pleura (T1b), which covers the surface of each lung. It also hasn’t reached ...

A pulmonary bleb is a small collection of air between the lung and the outer surface of the lung (visceral pleura) usually found in the upper lobe of the lung. When a bleb ruptures the air escapes ...

Once the dissection is completed to expose the vessels connecting the heart and lungs, the space between the lung and chest wall is opened decortication of the visceral pleura (membranous outer layer ...