In the case of closed-source software, the white hats arguably have the offsetting advantage that they at least can see the source code, and peek inside the black box, while the attackers cannot.

This “black box” trait is common to neural networks in general, and LLMs are very deep neural networks. It is not really possible to explain precisely why a specific input produces a ...

The black box problem refers to the opacity of certain AI systems. Recruiters know what information they feed into an AI tool (the input), and they can see the results of their query (the output).