Gas exchange between the plant and the atmosphere takes place through the stomata, which consist in two bean-shaped guard cells surrounding a pore. (a) Malate and Cl − efflux from the guard ...

How do plants breathe through stomata? Key regulators of stomata are plant vacuoles, fluid-filled organelles bound by a single membrane called the tonoplast. Plant vacuoles are fluid-filled ...

Diagram and describe some of the physical aspects of leaf design that would reduce ... Why might it be adaptive for only the sporophyte and not the gametophyte stage in the life cycle to possess ...

Get Instant Summarized Text (Gist) A new laser-based method has been developed to observe pressure changes in plant stomata, enhancing the ability to study plant physiology and evolution. This ...