The placenta is normally expulsed within six hours ... In most instances upon successful birth; the cow will vigorously lick the calf removing mucus from nostrils; this process stimulates breathing.

From backwards and breech births to hip-locked calves, here are tips for cattle producers to manage hard calf births this ...

You have full access to this article via your institution. We found that 50-58% of the activated oocytes developed to morulae or blastocysts in vitro, but only 3 of 274 transferred embryos (1% ...