timing or even the spatial shape of a single-photon beam. In recent years it has become popular to use states that have definite values of orbital angular momentum (OAM) as qudits 1. However ...

Two-photon polymerization was first demonstrated in the 1990s — since then, a large number of research laboratories have been involved in its study. Despite the unique capabilities of 2PP and ...

If you would like to learn more about the IAEA’s work, sign up for our weekly updates containing our most important news, multimedia and more. This second edition contains eight additional pages, ...

In this study, a qudit was implemented by the orbital angular momentum state of a single-photon, and dimensional expansion was possible by adjusting the phase of a photon through holographic images.

Deep ultraviolet (DUV) lasers, known for their high photon energy and short wavelengths, are essential in various fields such ...

While the United States Space Force and other agencies track satellites and orbital debris ... that a small Earth-based ...