The concentration of the acid or base, like all substances, is how many particles are present in a certain volume of a solution. Higher concentrations have a greater effect on the pH than lower ...

2| Thaw an aliquot of IEF gel solution ... buffer to each tube, using a microliter syringe or a thin pipette tip. Connect the electrode wires and prefocus the gels to establish the pH gradient.

Remove the supernatant (Step 13) and resuspend the chromatin pellet in 300 μl of nuclei lysis buffer by pipetting the solution up and ... of 0.3 M sodium acetate (pH 5.2) and 2 μl glycogen ...

pH meters use electrodes to determine the difference in electrical potential (voltage) between the reference electrode and the internal or ion selective electrode. The reference electrode maintains a ...

If universal indicator is added to a solution it changes to a colour that shows the pH of the solution. Universal indicator is a mixture of a variety of other indicators and can be used to measure ...

Independent variable - pH level Dependent variable - Time taken for starch to be broken down. Control variables - Temperature, volume and concentrations of enzyme solution and starch solution.

There’s a school of thought that says you shouldn’t mess around with a solution that’s already ... looking at the current state of connected pH meters they realized there was incredible ...