The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is commonly used to screen for cervical cancer and since its introduction in organized screening programmes in resource-rich countries it has been successful in ...

A Pap smear is a procedure that screens for cervical cancer by testing cells for any abnormalities. If your Pap results are abnormal that does not mean you have cancer, and more likely indicates HPV.

At the SMEAR II station in Hyytiälä, research on the flow of matter and energy between the forest ecosystem and the atmosphere, as well as underlying factors, has been ongoing for nearly 30 years. The ...