The crucial nature of the contacts between cytosine methyl groups and the protein is underscored by mutational analysis; mutation of residues contacting either methyl group results in a ...

Cytosine can undergo chemical modifications that play crucial roles in gene regulation and epigenetics. The most common modification is the addition of a methyl group to carbon 5, forming ...

de novo methylation begins (red circles), mediated primarily by DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase-3alpha (DNMT3A) and -3beta (DNMT3B) (top). When methylation affects CpG islands, methyl-binding ...