Objectives: To observe the prevalence of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in elite athletes as compared with published literature of changes seen in non-athletes—that is, normal population.

Spinal degeneration, also known as degenerative disc disease or spondylosis, refers to the gradual deterioration of the structures of the spine over time. It is a common condition that typically ...

Spinal disorders are a significant health concern worldwide, affecting people across different age groups, with the most ...

spondylolisthesis Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar fusion Monosegmental lumbar degeneration and failure to improve with conservative therapy, pain relief with temporary pedicular external fixation ...

The clinical presentation of degenerative spondylolisthesis is dependent upon the concomitant presence of spinal stenosis at the slip level. Patients who present only with low back pain or who ...