Fred Sanger was awarded the rare distinction of two Nobel Prizes for Chemistry, in 1958 and 1980. The first was for his work on the structure of proteins, particularly that of insulin, the latter ...

Insulin. Sanger earned his Ph.D. by studying the metabolism of the amino acid lysine, and then he moved on to the study of insulin. Proteins like insulin are made up of chains of amino acids.

Fred Sanger in Cambridge, England, starts work on discovering the protein structure of insulin and also working out the 'genetic blueprint' (plan) that cells use in order to make insulin.

Hormones are released from endocrine glands and are transported in the blood to target cells Insulin: released from pancreas, stimulates liver cells to take up glucose from the blood and Glucagon ...