A micro-organism composed of a piece of genetic material (RNA or DNA) surrounded by a protein coat. To replicate, a virus must infect a cell and direct its cellular machinery to produce new viruses. A ...

For a virus, the vaccine can contain just a piece of the protein coat that surrounds the virus's DNA (or RNA). Even small portion of a virus is sometimes enough to stimulate an immune response in ...

a new study published in Cell Reports on November 22 finds that a protein produced by HIV called Nef can cause long-lasting chronic inflammation in a mouse model of HIV—and that the inflammation may ...

This is an illustration of how the engineered protein facilitates destruction of latently HIV-infected immune cells. 1) Protein and cells, from left to right: engineered protein with yellow-and ...

Antibodies are small protein molecules produced in their billions by ... They have unusual features that enable them to penetrate HIV’s sugar-molecule coat and to disable the molecular ‘tools’ HIV ...

Nef protein, which is expressed by HIV during infection, shields the virus from immune detection. This protein reduces a molecule on the surface of the cell that acts as a marker to help the ...

When we know the structure of a protein, we can attempt to design small drug molecules to bind to it and block its function. The power of this approach has been shown in the battle against HIV and ...

The researchers hypothesize that immunization with the prefusion, closed HIV-1 Env protein will elicit a neutralizing immune response. In pursuit of an effective vaccine to end the global HIV-1 ...