Cystoscopy is the reference standard for bladder cancer detection, and is also used to monitor patients with a history of the disease. The procedure is, however, invasive, and some patients find ...

“Bladder cancer can be diagnosed through a combination of imaging in the form of an ultrasound or a CT scan, and a flexible cystoscopy (this is a small thin camera placed into the bladder ...

With increasing incidence in women, bladder cancer has a high rate of progression and recurrence requiring repeated follow up examinations. Cystoscopy, which involves the passage of a fibreoptic ...