3 The Hubbard model has been used extensively to study strongly correlated electron systems, particularly those involving localized d or f electrons. In these systems, the on-site Coulomb repulsion U ...

In contrast, the electron number density in a quantum plasma is much ... will also find practical applications in the production of localized X-ray sources, quantum free-electron lasers 8,9 ...

At its core, DFT postulates that the ground-state energy of a quantum system is a functional of the electron density. This principle, known as the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem, simplifies the problem of ...

It is a method for investigating the electronic structure of many-body systems and is based on a determination of a given system’s electron density rather than its wavefunction. Single-atom ...

For the first time, scientists have "photographed" a rare plasma instability, where high-energy electron beams form into ...