In simple terms, that assertion is correct, but for those with an expertise in the field, the longer answer to who did it ...

This shift is something like a millionth of the energy of a typical electronic state in an atom ... of virtual particles involved. When theorists try to predict the energy of an electron in ...

Quantum calculations amount to sophisticated estimates. But in 1931, Hans Bethe intuited precisely how a chain of particles ...

Particles popping in and out of existence ... It gave scientists the ability to predict the probable location of an electron in the atom. Many will remember the s, p, d and f orbitals from ...

Join six leading experts to find out everything we know about the subatomic universe. Take a deep dive into the building blocks of the universe, from the atom to the standard model, and learn how ...

Our estimates of the size of a neutrino span from smaller than an atomic nucleus to as large as a few metres, but now we are ...

This symbol shows that chlorine has 35 particles in the nucleus ... protons and two negative electrons. A helium atom that has lost or gained an electron is an ion. The ion has two positive ...

Electric and magnetic fields both exert forces on charged particles. The motion of charged ... Beta decay involves the release of an electron. Both result in a mass defect and the release of ...

An international team of physicists has successfully measured the size of a certain type of neutrino to a certain degree. In their paper published in the journal Nature, the group describes ...

Proton accelerator used by Walton & Cockroft to split the atom. Walton sits in the small observation cabin and watches the produced alpha particles on a fluorescent screen. Credit ...