Every chromosome in one set has a matching partner in the other set that has the same length of DNA and the same genes. Cells that contain two sets of chromosomes are said to be diploid.

(A) In mitosis, diploid cells replicate chromosomes during S phase and segregate sister chromatids during M phase, so that diploid daughter cells are produced. (B) In meiosis, two chromosome ...

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Each chromatid is a full length DNA molecule. The stages outlined in the following example show a cell with a diploid chromosome number of four (two sets of two chromosomes) undergoing cell division.

During meiosis, a diploid parent cell, which has two copies of each chromosome, undergoes one round of DNA replication followed by two separate cycles of nuclear division to produce four haploid ...